Respiratory System
If the pO2 of oxygen in the alveoli is 104 mmHg and in the blood in alveolar capillaries is 40 mmHg, while the pCO2 in the alveoli 40 mmHg and in the blood is 46 mmHg, which of the following will happen?
Carbon dioxide will diffuse from the alveoli to the blood.
Oxygen will diffuse from the blood to the alveoli.
Oxygen will diffuse from the red blood cells to the plasma.
Carbon dioxide will diffuse from the blood into the alveoli.
Carbon dioxide will diffuse from the blood into the alveoli.
Dissolved gases will diffuse from where they are in high concentration to where they are in low concentration. Hence, CO2 can go from 46 to 40 mmHg and pO2 can move from where it is at 104 mmHg to where it is at 40 mmHg. D is the only choice consistent with this.
Carbon dioxide will diffuse from the blood into the alveoli. Dissolved gases will diffuse from where they are in high concentration to where they are in low concentration. Hence, CO2 can go from 46 to 40 mmHg and pO2 can move from where it is at 104 mmHg to where it is at 40 mmHg. D is the only choice consistent with this.
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B. 43 mm Hg
C. 46 mm Hg
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Mt. Everest “base camp” is located 5300 m above sea level. Here, the atmospheric pressure is 403 mmHg (rather than 760 mmHg at sea level), and the oxygen partial pressure in atmospheric air at this altitude is about 79 mmHg. What is the likely value for dissolved oxygen concentration in arterial blood for someone at base camp?
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B. 104 mmHg
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Which of the following buffer systems of the body is affected by the action of the lungs?
A. Protein
B. Monohydrogen phosphate/dihydrogen phosphate
C. Ammonia/ammonium
D. Carbonic acid/bicarbonate
Which molecule or ion dissolved in blood is able to stimulate the central chemoreceptors of the brain’s respiratory centre?
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B. H3O+
C. O2
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Which of the following lists the components of the respiratory membrane?
A. Alveolar epithelial cells, capillary endothelial cells and their basement membranes
B. Fluid and surfactant alveolar epithelial cells, capillary endothelial cells and their basement membranes
C. Visceral pleura, parietal pleura and serous fluid
D. Ciliated epithelial cells, mucus cells and secreted mucus
If the partial pressure of oxygen in the air contained in the alveoli of the lungs is 14 kPa, then the partial pressure of oxygen dissolved in the alveolar fluid will be:
A. Very close to 14 kPa
B. Significantly greater than 14 kPa
C. Significantly less than 14 kPa
D. Unable to be determined without the solubility coefficient of oxygen and the temperature of the alveolar fluid
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