Ethnic identity refers to:

the objective categories of ethnicity used in the census
a felt sense of group membership on the basis of religion, language, or history
the imposition of a racial label on a minority by a powerful majority
the fragmented and pluralistic nature of ethnicity
a felt sense of group membership on the basis of religion, language, or history  The word ‘race’ is politically contentious, and many people prefer to use the term ‘ethnicity’ or ‘ethnic identity’. The latter term means a collective identity on the basis of a shared cultural background, a shared history or story of origin, as well as sometimes a common language, religion, and way of life. This can create a sense of belonging and community. 200

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