Nervous System

    Nervous System
    What feature do the dendrites of a nerve cell have?
    Dendrites are the afferent pathway by which a stimulus is brought to a cell body.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which part of the brain controls breathing, heart function, vasoconstriction and swallowing?
    Centres in the brainstem produce the rigidly programmed, automatic behaviours necessary for survival, e.g. respiratory centre (breathing rhythm), cardiovascular centre (force and rate of heart contraction, vasoconstriction), vomiting, coughing, hiccoughing, and swallowing. The mesencephalon is part of the brainstem.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    What are the cells found in the maculae of the utricle and saccule that are responsible for our sense of equilibrium?
    The hairs (stereocilia) of the hair cells are stimulated when our head tilts. Hair cells are embedded within the supporting cells. Otoliths are not cells.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which type of receptor always produces stimulation of the postsynaptic cell when bound by a neurotransmitter?
    Nicotinic receptors when bound by ACh are always stimulatory. Muscarinic receptors may be stimulatory or inhibitory.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    If a person had a prefrontal lobotomy, what would be the physiological consequences?
    If the connection between the prefrontal cortex and the brain is severed, the person would not have anxiety, tension or frustration, or tact and decorum. They would be unaware of the consequences of their actions.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    When an action potential arrives at a synapse, what happens first?
    As the axon terminal depolarises when the action potential arrives, calcium channels open, and extracellular calcium enters the axon terminal. This stimulates the release of a neurotransmitter (e.g. ACh) into the synaptic cleft.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which parts of the brain are contained in the brainstem?
    The brainstem has these three sections. The three structures of choice B are the diencephalon.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Nerve impulses carried by the parasympathetic division travel along which nerve fibres?
    90% of parasympathetic impulses are carried by the vagus nerves (cranial nerve X)
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    What is produced when a dendrite of a neuron is stimulated?
    A graded potential diminishes in its level of depolarisation of the membrane, as it moves away from the site of stimulation.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Sound produces vibrations in the cochlear fluid of the inner ear. The movement of the fluid then produces motion in which of the following?
    When the cochlear fluid moves, it displaces the basilar membrane which pushes the hair cells within the organ of Corti against the tectorial membrane.
    Author: rikazzz Comment