Forestry

SO2 and CO2

NO2 and hydrocarbons

Carbon di-oxide and NO2

Hydrocarbons and CFCs

5%

3.50%

1%

0.20%

In situ seed germination

Longer viability

early cone separation

All these characters

Urbanization

Mechanization

Industrialization

Civilization

P32

Sr90

Cs137

I131

Lesbella

Gawardar

Awaran

All of the above

Equally developed palisade and spongy parenchyma

Multistratose epidermis

Non-functional stomata

None of these

5 or 6

7 or 8

9 or 11

11 or 12

Size of the cutting should be form 6″ to 10″

Thickness should not be les than finger size

In case of root cutting they are buried, sometimes horizontally in the ground

All of the above

Sewage and industrial effluents

Household detergents and pesticides

Automobile exhausts and chemicals from industry

Sewage and pesticides