Forestry

Primary consumer

Carnivore

Decomposer

Secondary consumer

Increases oxygenation

Decreases turbidity

Increases turbidity deoxygenation

Increases photosynthesis

Heliophytes

Chasmophytes

Chersophytes

Sciophytes

High forest in which Pinus roxburghii (Chir) forms practically whole of the top canopy

Which may be upto 37.5 m. High with trees upto 2.0 or 2.5 m. In girth

The pine canopy tends to be nearly even aged over compact areas sometimes of considerable extent

All of the above

Aerenchyma

Collenchyma

Stomata

Root system

Employment generated in establishment of forests

Employment opportunities in wood harvesting

Both (a) & (b)

None of these

A contraction of biological diversity.

The range of variation or differences among

Some set of entities; biological diversity thus refers to variety within the living world

All of the above

Salinity and soil erosion

Soil depletion and water logging

Salinity and water logging

Soil erosion and depletion

Free floating hydrophyte

Submerged hydrophyte

Suspended hydrophyte

Floating and anchored hydrophyte

The region is not in itself a water producing area

In the north, several large tributaries join the Indus

The Jhelum Chenab, Ravi and Sutlej flow in to it from the east and the Kabul, Swat, Kurram and Gomel descend from the western ranges

All of the above