Islamic History and Culture

Tawq Al Hamamah is a work of literature by ibn Hazm. Ibn Hazm is widely regarded by Muslims as the father of comparative religious studies for his on Islamic jurisprudence, comparative religion, and theology. Tawq Al Hamamah or The ring of the Dove is a book about love and his only work of literature.

The Muqaddimah by Ibn Khaldun, a book on universal history i.e philosophy of history, sociology, demography, historiography, cultural history, economics, Islamic theology, political theory, biology and chemistery. The book was written in 1377.

Abdul Rahman I, the first Emir of Cordova was known as al-Dakhil which means The Imigrant. He was also known as Saqr Quraish meaning Hawk of Quraish. The Abbasid Caliph Al-Mansur, his enemy, gave him the title of Hawk of Quraish. The reason he gave Abdul Rahman the title, which was the title of The Prophet’s tribe, was because Abdul Rahman despite all his difficulties, depended only on himself to save his life and his family’s, wandered the deserts of Asia and Africa, had the boldness to seek his fortune without an army in lands unknown to him beyond the sea (Spain). He exterminated rebels, organized cities, mobilized armies, secured his frontiers against the Christians, and founded a great empire, which according to al-Mansur no one had done before.
Abdul Rahman was from the family of Umayyad Caliphate of Damascus. During his time, the Abbasid revolution overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate. He escaped from Damascus and settled in Cordoba where he continued the Umayyad dynasty. 200 years later one of his descendants, Abdul Rahman III would claim the title of Caliph for himself and find the Umayyad Caliphate of Cordova.