Development of Education in Pakistan

Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, Swiss social reformer and educator, is known as the Father of Modern Education. The modern era of education started with him and his spirit and ideas led to the great educational reforms in Europe in the nineteenth century. Pestalozzi believed in the ability of every individual human being to learn and in the right of every individual to education. He believed that it was the duty of society to put this right into practice.

Education policy 1959 was introduced by the the president of Pakistan General Muhammad Ayub Khan on January 5, 1959. Commission was established which made education compulsory up to 10 years of age. The commission also recommended equal rights for boys and girls education. The major focus of the commission included, character building, focus on science and technical education, establishment of universities, combination of internal (25%) and external (75%) evaluation in examination system and introduced of religious education in three stages: compulsory at middle level, optional at secondary level, research at university level. Unfortunately, this policy could not be implemented due to the limited resources and weak position of the country..