Teaching, Education and Pedagogy

Zulfiqar Bhutto proposed the then president of Pakistan, proposed a National Education Policy on 29 March 1972.This policy include. Promotion of ideology of Pakistan, equality in Education, personality development, technical and science education should be introduced, free and universal education up to class 10 for both girls and boys. This policy was a good for the betterment of education in Pakistan. Unfortunately, this policy could not be implemented due to the less resources and the two wars between Pakistan and India. Pakistan economic rate was too low, that’s why this policy could not be implemented properly.

Education policy 1959 was introduced by the the president of Pakistan General Muhammad Ayub Khan on January 5, 1959. Commission was established which made education compulsory up to 10 years of age. The commission also recommended equal rights for boys and girls education. The major focus of the commission included, character building, focus on science and technical education, establishment of universities, combination of internal (25%) and external (75%) evaluation in examination system and introduced of religious education in three stages: compulsory at middle level, optional at secondary level, research at university level. Unfortunately, this policy could not be implemented due to the limited resources and weak position of the country..

Pakistan first educational meeting of November 1947 is called Conference, which is held in Karachi under the chairmanship of Fazal-ur-Rehman. Inspite of other crucial problems faced by the new state, education was given the priority. Keys points of this conference was:
I. The educational system should be inspired by the Islamic Ideology, emphasizing on universal brotherhood, tolerance and justice.
II. Free and compulsory education should be introduced for a period of five years, which should be gradually raised to eight years.
III. Primary schools should be co-educational or otherwise according to local needs.
IV. A comprehensive scheme should be prepared for the re-organization of technical education suited to the economic needs of the country.