Cardiovascular System
When the AV valve between the left atrium and left ventricle is open, the blood pressure in both chambers is zero. When the left ventricle contracts, the AV valve shuts, and blood pressure in the left ventricle rises, while blood pressure in the left atrium reaches and stays at ~5 mmHg. Blood pressure in the aorta is ~80 mmHg at the end of diastole. Which of the following will happen next?
When blood pressure in the left ventricle reaches 6 mmHg, blood will flow into the left atrium.
When blood pressure in the left ventricle reaches 80 mmHg, blood will flow into the aorta.
When blood pressure in the left ventricle reaches 81 mmHg, blood will flow into the aorta.
Blood volume in the left ventricle will decrease as pressure increases until there is sufficient pressure to push blood into the aorta.
When blood pressure in the left ventricle reaches 81 mmHg, blood will flow into the aorta.
Pressure in the LV will rise as the myocardium contracts until pressure in the LV is greater than the pressure in the aorta. When this happens, the aortic valve will be forced open, and blood will move from the LV into the aorta through the aortic valve.
When blood pressure in the left ventricle reaches 81 mmHg, blood will flow into the aorta. Pressure in the LV will rise as the myocardium contracts until pressure in the LV is greater than the pressure in the aorta. When this happens, the aortic valve will be forced open, and blood will move from the LV into the aorta through the aortic valve.
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By what name is the heart muscle known?A. Epicardium
B. Myocardium
C. Pericardium
D. Endocardium
Which statement about cardiac output is correct?
A. Cardiac output is peripheral resistance multiplied by stroke volume.
B. Mean arterial pressure multiplied by peripheral resistance is cardiac output.
C. Cardiac output is heart rate multiplied by stroke volume.
D. Cardiac output is blood volume multiplied by heart rate.
What is “systolic pressure”?
A. The peak pressure in the blood due to contraction of the left ventricle.
B. The minimum pressure in the blood prior to contraction of the left ventricle.
C. It may be obtained by multiplying cardiac output by total peripheral resistance.
D. It is also known as mean arterial pressure.
A statement of Boyle’s law could be:
A. As pressure of a gas increases, its solubility increases.
B. As volume of a gas increases, its pressure decreases.
C. As volume of a gas decreases, its pressure decreases.
D. As pressure of a gas increases, its solubility decreases.
Which of the following is not a type of white blood cell?
A. Leucocyte
B. Eosinophil
C. Erythrocyte
D. Neutrophil
Consider Boyle’s law. If the pressure being exerted on an enclosed volume of gas (at a constant temperature) is increased by 20%, by what percentage would its volume change?
A. Volume would increase by 20%.
B. Volume would increase by 44%.
C. Volume would decrease by 44%.
D. Volume would decrease by 20%.
Through which valve does blood flow when it moves from the left atrium into the left ventricle?
A. The semilunar valve
B. The mitral valve
C. The tricuspid valve
D. The aortic valve
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