Cardiovascular System

    Cardiovascular System
    What unit is a blood pressure of 120/80 expressed in?
    Despite the mmHg not being an SI unit, blood pressure is still commonly reported in this unit.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    When arterial blood pressure is stated as 120/80, what do the numbers refer to?
    Writing BP as 120/80 is an abbreviated way of writing systolic pressure of 120 mmHg and diastolic BP of 80 mmHg.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Say a diastolic blood pressure reading was 80 mm Hg. This is consistent with which one of the following statements?
    Because atmospheric pressure (about 760 mmHg) is always present, it is taken to be a “relative zero”, and other pressures are stated as an amount greater than atmospheric pressure. We say 80 implying 80 more than 760, rather than stating 840 mmHg (760 + 80).
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    A resting blood pressure stated as 120/80 (in units of mmHg) refers to:
    Arterial blood pressure cycles between a maximum value and a minimum value in time with the heartbeat. It is recorded as the maximum value adjacent to the minimum value.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    The definition of mean arterial pressure (MAP) may be written as:
    Mean arterial pressure, MAP = CO × TPR. MAP also is diastolic pressure + 1/3 × pulse pressure.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    What are red blood cells primarily composed of?
    About one third of the mass of a RBC is haemoglobin. Choices A and B are plasma proteins and are not in RBC.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    A suction pump when used to clear an obstructed airway expands the volume in its chamber to:
    A suction pump produces a “negative” pressure (one that is less than atmospheric pressure). Hence air in the lungs will flow out into the suction pump, hopefully pushing the obstructing liquid out too.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    In the nephron glomerulus, the hydrostatic pressure of the blood in the glomerulus is 8.0 kPa, the hydrostatic pressure of the filtrate in the Bowman’s capsule is 2.7 kPa and the blood colloidal osmotic pressure is 4.0 kPa. What is the net filtration pressure?
    Glomerular HP is positive (fluid moves from glomerulus into Bowman’s capsule), while filtrate HP and colloidal OP are negative (causing fluid movement back into the glomerulus). Hence performing the arithmetic gives 8.0– 2.7 – 4.0 = 1.3 kPa. It is this pressure difference that drives the filtration.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    The heart can be made to beat faster by which of the following?
    The sympathetic nervous system stimulates the heart, while the parasympathetic NS inhibits the heart.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Which capillaries allow cells and plasma proteins to enter or leave their lumen?
    Sinusoidal capillaries have some gaps between the adjacent endothelial cells (and a thin or absent basement membrane). The gaps are large enough for plasma proteins and some cells to pass through.
    Author: rikazzz Comment