Chemistry for Physiology

As CO₂ exhaled from the lungs, carbonic acid in the blood converts into carbon dioxide and water. So as carbon dioxide is exhaled, the amount of carbonic acid within the body decreases.

The “amide” functional group consists of a carbon, an oxygen and a nitrogen atom. The carbon atom is double bonded to an oxygen atom while also being single bonded to a nitrogen atom.

Reactivity IS in fact influenced by the number and nature of the carbon rings. So the statement B is false.

A loss of potassium may be treated by administering potassium. Hypokalaemia refers to a blood concentration of <3 mmol/L, and such a level could affect the heart so an ECG IS warranted.

Hydrogen bonds acting between N and H. Covalent bonds act between the atoms of an amino acid, while peptide bond (=covalent bond) is the term used for the bond between one amino acid to the adjacent one.

A buffer has two components. One is capable of destroying acid, while the other is capable of destroying base.

5% = 5% = 5 per hundred = 5 g per 100 ml of solution.

All enzymes are proteins.

For the elements with smaller atoms, usually this is true. For heavier elements it is not.

The number of atoms written as a subscript immediately follows the symbol for the element; hence there are 2 atoms of oxygen (O). The number 7 outside the parentheses means that there are 7 lots of the atoms that are inside the parentheses. Hence, it is 14 + 14 H inside the parentheses, with a further 6 H outside them, which totals 34 H.