Classical Sociological Theories

Alienation from the self is when individuals feel disconnected from the meaning of their work, losing its role in defining their identity and sense of purpose. This leads to a feeling of estrangement from both their work and themselves.

Durkheim introduced the concept of anomie in his study of suicide. He used it to describe a state of normlessness, where individuals feel disconnected from the values and norms of society, often leading to feelings of isolation and purposelessness.

Marx’s focus on real, existing contradictions led to the method known as dialectical materialism. This approach examines social phenomena through the conflicts and contradictions within material conditions, emphasizing how these drive social change and historical development.