Biomechanics
Consider the action of moving from having both feet flat on the ground to standing on “tiptoes”. Which of the following correctly identifies the fulcrum, the load force, the effort force and the lever?
Fulcrum is the heel, load is the body’s weight, effort is the pull of the ham-strings and lever is the tarsal bones of the foot.
Fulcrum is the ball of the foot, load is the body’s weight, effort is the pull of the calf muscles and lever is the tarsal and metatarsal bones of the foot.
Fulcrum is the ankle, load is the weight of the foot, effort is the pull of the hamstrings and lever is the tibia and fibula bones.
Fulcrum is the knee, load is the weight of the foot, effort is the pull of the calf muscles and lever is the tibia and fibula bones.
Fulcrum is the ball of the foot, load is the body’s weight, effort is the pull of the calf muscles and lever is the tarsal and metatarsal bones of the foot.
Fulcrum has to be the “ball” of the foot (the rounded area superficial to the joint between metatarsal and proximal phalanx of the hallux), and load must be the weight of the body.
Fulcrum is the ball of the foot, load is the body’s weight, effort is the pull of the calf muscles and lever is the tarsal and metatarsal bones of the foot. Fulcrum has to be the “ball” of the foot (the rounded area superficial to the joint between metatarsal and proximal phalanx of the hallux), and load must be the weight of the body.
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B. 6 N
C. 10 N
D. 18 N
Which of the following is not an example of a force?
A. Tension
B. Friction
C. Inertia
D. Weight
What is the purpose of using a slide sheet in patient manual handling?
A. To extend the patient’s base of support
B. To facilitate raising the patient’s centre of gravity
C. To minimise friction between the patient and the bed
D. To minimise the patient’s inertia
Traction forces may be represented by vectors. In Hamilton-Russell traction, which of the following vectors is equal in magnitude to the traction force?
A. The component of the patient’s weight that is perpendicular to the bed
B. The component of the patient’s weight that is parallel to the bed
C. The vector in A subtracted from the patient’s weight
D. The resulting vector when the vectors in A and B are added
What does the term “friction” refer to?
A. The tension force generated when a muscle contracts
B. A force that acts in the opposite direction to a motion
C. The resistance force that is overcome by an effort force
D. The force of gravity that causes an object to fall
When the biceps brachii muscle flexes the forearm, what is the forearm an example of?
A. A first-class lever
B. A second-class lever
C. A third-class lever
D. An efficient lever
Third-class lever systems are always inefficient for which one of the following reasons?
A. The effort arm is longer than the load arm.
B. The effort force required is less than the load force.
C. The fulcrum lies between the effort and the load. The load arm is longer than the effort arm.
D.
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