Nervous System
Sound waves are conducted from the air outside the ear to the inner ear by the processes of:
Absorption, transmission and refraction
Reflection, transmission and scattering
Resonance, leverage and amplification
Resonance, diffraction and refraction
Resonance, leverage and amplification
The air in the external ear canal resonates (at about 3000 Hz), the ossicles are a lever system that amplifies the movement of the tympanic membrane; the oval window, being about one twentieth the size of the tympanic membrane, also amplifies the pressure applied to the cochlear fluid compared to that applied to the tympanic membrane.
Resonance, leverage and amplification The air in the external ear canal resonates (at about 3000 Hz), the ossicles are a lever system that amplifies the movement of the tympanic membrane; the oval window, being about one twentieth the size of the tympanic membrane, also amplifies the pressure applied to the cochlear fluid compared to that applied to the tympanic membrane.
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In the spinal cord, the ascending tracts contain:A. White matter and transmit sensory information
B. White matter and transmit motor commands
C. Grey matter and transmit sensory information
D. Grey matter and transmit motor commands
Which sequence of ion movements describes the action potential?
A. Na+ move out of cell then K+ move in
B. K+ move in to cell then Na+ move out
C. K+ move out of cell then Na+ move in
D. Na+ move into cell then K+ move out
Which of the following substances is prevented from entering the brain by the blood-brain barrier?
A. Glucose
B. Nicotine
C. Pharmaceuticals
D. Alcohol
There are three ossicles in the middle ear. What are their names?
A. Malleus, stapedius, otolith
B. Cochlea, stapes, incus
C. Stapedius, ampulla, cochlea
D. Malleus, stapes, incus
The inner ear (or internal ear) may be described as a series of tubes. What are the tubes filled with?
A. Air
B. Perilymph
C. Endolymph
D. Perilymph and endolymph
What characterises a spinal reflex?
A. It involves rapid processing by the brain and a predictable response.
B. It is a predictable, unlearned and involuntary motor response.
C. It is a rapid, predictable, learned and involuntary motor response.
D. It involves stimulation of a motor neurone by a sensory neurone that originates within the CNS.
A multipolar neuron has more than one of what?
A. Dendrite attached to the cell body
B. Axon attached to the cell body
C. Synaptic terminal attached to the axon
D. Cell body
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