Using IBM SPSS statistics
When cross-tabulating two variables, it is conventional to:
Represent the independent variable in rows and the dependent variable in columns
Assign both the dependent and independent variables to columns
Represent the dependent variable in rows and the independent variable in columns
Assign both the dependent and independent variables to rows
Represent the dependent variable in rows and the independent variable in columns
It is conventional to represent an inferred relationship between two variables in this way because it makes tables easier to read. Typically this is done when you feel you can make a claim of causality, so that a change in the independent variable produces a change in the dependent variable. Similarly, when producing a bar chart or scatter-plot, you should assign the independent variable to the x axis (to produce columns) and the dependent variable to the y axis (to produce horizontal readings).
Reference: Bryman: Social Research Methods: 5th Edition Page(s) 367,
Reference: Bryman: Social Research Methods: 5th Edition Page(s) 367,
Represent the dependent variable in rows and the independent variable in columns It is conventional to represent an inferred relationship between two variables in this way because it makes tables easier to read. Typically this is done when you feel you can make a claim of causality, so that a change in the independent variable produces a change in the dependent variable. Similarly, when producing a bar chart or scatter-plot, you should assign the independent variable to the x axis (to produce columns) and the dependent variable to the y axis (to produce horizontal readings).
Reference: Bryman: Social Research Methods: 5th Edition Page(s) 367,
Reference: Bryman: Social Research Methods: 5th Edition Page(s) 367,
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To generate a Spearman’s rho test, which set of instructions should you give SPSS?A. Analyze; Crosstabs; Descriptive Statistics; Spearman; OK
B. Graphs; Frequencies; [select variables]; Spearman; OK
C. Analyze; Compare Means; Anova table; First layer; Spearman; OK
D. Analyze; Correlate; Bivariate; [select variables]; Spearman; OK
How would you use the drop-down menus in SPSS to generate a frequency table?
A. Open the Output Viewer and click: Save As; Pie Chart
B. Click on: Analyze; Descriptive Statistics; Frequencies
C. Click on: Graphs; Frequencies; Pearson
D. Open the Variable Viewer and recode the value labels
Why might you tell SPSS to represent the “slices” of a pie chart in different patterns?
A. Because the program tends to crash if you ask it to use colour
B. Because the patterns form symbolic visual images of different social groups
C. In order to make full use of the facilities that SPSS can offer
D. If you do not have a colour printer, it makes the differences between the slices clearer
In which sub-dialog box can the Chi Square test be found?
A. Frequencies: Percentages
B. Crosstabs: Statistics
C. Bivariate: Pearson
D. Gender: Female
How would you print a bar chart that you have just produced in SPSS?
A. In Output Viewer, click File, Print, select the bar chart and click OK
B. In Variable Viewer, open bar chart, click File, Print, OK
C. In Chart Editor, click Descriptive Statistics, Print, OK
D. In Data Editor, open Graphs dialog box, click Save, OK
How is a variable name different from a variable label?
A. It is shorter and less detailed
B. It is longer and more detailed
C. It is abstract and unspecific
D. It refers to codes rather than variables
What does the operation “Recode Into Different Variables” do to the data?
A. Replaces missing data with some random scores
B. Reverses the position of the independent and dependent variable on a graph
C. Redistributes a range of values into a new set of categories and creates a new variable
D. Represents the data in the form of a pie chart
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