Cardiovascular System
Why is a resting arterial blood pressure (BP) measurement stated as a m aximum value and a minimum value?
BP has two values depending on whether the myocardium is in systole or in diastole. Hence these two values are required.
BP varies continuously during the heart’s contracting or relaxing. It is not necessary to continuously read all values so only the maximum and minimum are recorded.
The maximum is produced by the left ventricle in systole, while the mini-mum is produced by the right ventricle in systole. These two values provide the necessary BP information.
BP must be within this range for optimal health. BP outside this range is deemed to be hypertension.
BP varies continuously during the heart’s contracting or relaxing. It is not necessary to continuously read all values so only the maximum and minimum are recorded.
BP oscillates between maximum systolic pressure when the myocardium contracts and minimum diastolic pressure as the myocardium relaxes. These two values measured while at rest provide information about the health of the arterial tree which is why BP is measured. BP pressure rises above the resting systolic value during exercise as it should. The other choices are wrong as they contain a nonsense statement.
BP varies continuously during the heart’s contracting or relaxing. It is not necessary to continuously read all values so only the maximum and minimum are recorded. BP oscillates between maximum systolic pressure when the myocardium contracts and minimum diastolic pressure as the myocardium relaxes. These two values measured while at rest provide information about the health of the arterial tree which is why BP is measured. BP pressure rises above the resting systolic value during exercise as it should. The other choices are wrong as they contain a nonsense statement.
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By what name is the heart muscle known?A. Epicardium
B. Myocardium
C. Pericardium
D. Endocardium
Which statement about cardiac output is correct?
A. Cardiac output is peripheral resistance multiplied by stroke volume.
B. Mean arterial pressure multiplied by peripheral resistance is cardiac output.
C. Cardiac output is heart rate multiplied by stroke volume.
D. Cardiac output is blood volume multiplied by heart rate.
What is “systolic pressure”?
A. The peak pressure in the blood due to contraction of the left ventricle.
B. The minimum pressure in the blood prior to contraction of the left ventricle.
C. It may be obtained by multiplying cardiac output by total peripheral resistance.
D. It is also known as mean arterial pressure.
A statement of Boyle’s law could be:
A. As pressure of a gas increases, its solubility increases.
B. As volume of a gas increases, its pressure decreases.
C. As volume of a gas decreases, its pressure decreases.
D. As pressure of a gas increases, its solubility decreases.
Which of the following is not a type of white blood cell?
A. Leucocyte
B. Eosinophil
C. Erythrocyte
D. Neutrophil
Consider Boyle’s law. If the pressure being exerted on an enclosed volume of gas (at a constant temperature) is increased by 20%, by what percentage would its volume change?
A. Volume would increase by 20%.
B. Volume would increase by 44%.
C. Volume would decrease by 44%.
D. Volume would decrease by 20%.
Through which valve does blood flow when it moves from the left atrium into the left ventricle?
A. The semilunar valve
B. The mitral valve
C. The tricuspid valve
D. The aortic valve
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