Anatomy and Physiology

    Respiratory System
    What are the names of the air passages in the nose?
    The three nasal meatus are air passages. They are surrounded by the fleshy conchae. Sinuses are air spaces in bone, while the glottis is at the top of the trachea rather than in the nose.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Electricity
    In an Australian domestic AC electrical circuit, what is the potential difference (voltage) in the three wires?
    In a domestic supply, the potential of the active wire oscillates (alternates) from about +270 V to 0 V to −270 V (the rms values are ±240 V), while the neutral wire is at 0 V. The earth wire is for safety purposes, kept at 0 V to provide a low resistance path to the ground in the case of a fault.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    The “systemic circulation” refers to which of the following?
    The “system” is supplied with blood from the aorta. Choice A refers to the pulmonary circulation, B to the coronary circulation and C to the flow of blood through the heart.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    Given that 1 mol of Na+Cl− has a mass of 58.5 g, how many grams of Na+Cl− are dissolved in a solution of 0.1 mol per litre?
    0.1 mol = 1/10 of 58.5 g = 5.85 g
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which of the following is an example of a “special sense”?
    A special sense is one that is localised into a specific organ such as the ear. Sight is also a special sense being localised in the eye. The sense of touch is not localised as the entire skin is sensitive to touch.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    What is presbyopia (old-age vision) due to?
    Presbyopia refers the progressive loss of the ability to focus on nearby objects (e.g. books) after about age 45–50. It is due to the lens becoming stiffer so being less able to ooze into the highly convex shape required to bring light from nearby objects to focus on the retina.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    Which of the following is correct for intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF)?
    There is more K within cells than outside cells (the reverse is true for sodium). Most body water is inside the cells.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    What is the mean arterial pressure determined from a resting blood pressure of 118/79 mmHg?

    MAP = diastolic pressure + 1/3 × pulse pressure

    =79 +1/3 (118–79)

    =79 + 1/3 × 39

    =79 + 13 = 92

    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Ionising Radiation
    Why is keeping one’s distance from a source of radiation effective in minimising exposure? Because:
    If you multiply your distance from the source by “r”, then your exposure is multiplied by 1/r2 (that is, decreased).
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Where are the cell bodies of somatic motor neurones found?
    They are found in the spinal cord (in the ventral grey horns). Choice B is also correct, but choice D is more specific. The dorsal root ganglia contain cell bodies of sensory neurons.
    Author: rikazzz Comment