Anatomy and Physiology

    Cells and Tissues
    What is the name of the process of division of a somatic cell’s nucleus into two daughter nuclei?
    Mitosis involves somatic cells. Meiosis refers to the production of the sex cells.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Which is the most abundant plasma protein?
    About 58% of plasma proteins are albumins. Haemoglobin is a protein but it is contained within the RBC.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which four structures together make up the brain?
    The brainstem is at the end of the spinal cord, just inferior to the diencephalon which is surrounded by the cerebrum. The cerebellum is dorsal to the brainstem and inferior to the cerebrum.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Skeleton and Joints
    Which of the following surface features of bones serves as part of an articulation?
    A facet is a shallow dish-like depression in a bone that receives a projection such as a condyle, from another bone. Foramina are holes in bone through which blood vessels or nerve pass. A phalange is a finger or toe bone.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Measurement, Errors, Data and Unit Conversion
    How many milligrams are in 0.75 g?
    1 g is a thousand milligrams, so three quarters of a gram is three quarters of a thousand milligrams = 750 mg (g to mg: shift the decimal point three places to the right).
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    One form of acid-base imbalance in the body is called acidosis. In this situation, which of the following is true?
    Acidosis = blood pH <7.35. Blood pH less than 7.0 is extremely rare and presages imminent death.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Respiratory System
    Gas exchange takes place in the:
    The alveoli are part of the respiratory membrane.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    What is the function of the plasma proteins in blood?
    Plasma proteins exist in the plasma but not in the interstitial fluid. Hence their osmotic influence draws water into the blood. Haemoglobin which is not a “plasma protein” transports oxygen.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    Consider a patient undergoing kidney dialysis, whose blood has bicarbonate at a concentration of 14 mmol/L and urea at 23 mmol/L. The dialysing liquid has bicarbonate at 32 mmol/L and urea at 0 mmol/L. In which direction will these substances flow?
    Molecules will flow from areas of high concentration towards areas of low concentration. Hence bicarbonate will flow from the dialysing liquid at 32 to blood at 14 mmol/L, while urea will flow from blood at 23 mmol/L to the dialysing liquid at 0 mmol/L.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Measurement, Errors, Data and Unit Conversion
    In the Australian Metric System of units, what does the prefix micro stand for?
    One millionth = 10−6.
    Author: rikazzz Comment