Anatomy and Physiology

    Cardiovascular System
    What structure in the heart prevents backflow of blood into the right atrium?
    The tricuspid valve lies between the right ventricle and right atrium and closes when the ventricle contracts.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    What part of the nervous system prepares the body for action during extreme situations?
    The sympathetic division (of the autonomic nervous system) “stirs you up”. It prepares for action, those body organs that will be required for rapid and vigorous activity.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Complete the sentence. Neuroglia:
    Neuroglia are nervous system cells that are not neurons. Choice D gives three types of these cells.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Gastrointestinal System
    One of the following is NOT a function of the large intestine. Which one?
    Digestion occurs and is completed in the small intestine.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Integument
    One of the following statements about the stratum corneum is correct. Which one?
    Stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis and is subject to physical abrasion. The now flattened, keratinised cells are not living.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    The Physics of Waves: Light Waves, Sound Waves and Ultrasound
    What does the term “wavelength” mean when applied to a wave?
    Wavelength is the shortest distance between two points that are displaying the same displacement.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Skeleton and Joints
    The term “canaliculi” is applied to structures that occur in which of the following anatomical features?
    Canaliculi (little canals) are tubes that collect the bile produced by liver hepatocytes. In compact bone, the term is applied to the minute channels that connect lacunae (which contain bone osteocytes) with the Haversian canal at the centre of an osteon.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Reproductive System
    The male reproductive tract has two of each of the following structures EXCEPT for one of them. Which structure is present as a single structure?
    There is only one prostate gland at which place the two ejaculatory ducts join the urethra.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Endocrine System
    An amino acid-based hormone binds to its receptor. This has the effect of:
    After a hormone binds to its receptor, a G (for guanine) protein is activated as the first effect. The G-protein then moves along the membrane to activate an enzyme that produces, for example, cAMP, which is a “second messenger”.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Measurement, Errors, Data and Unit Conversion
    What is 3400 cm2 converted to square metres?
    A square metre has sides that are 100 cm long, so 100 × 100 = 10,000 cm2 in a square metre. So 3400 ÷ 10,000 = 0.34.
    Author: rikazzz Comment