Anatomy and Physiology

    Cardiovascular System
    What feature distinguishes pacemaker cardiac cells from other myocardial cells? Pacemaker cells:
    Pacemaker cells (generally in the SA node) generate action potentials 80–100 times per minute even without neural input. Neural input will slow or increase this rate. Myocardial cells are not autorhythmic.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cells and Tissues
    Which list contains the main body tissue types?
    The terms osseous, glandular and cartilaginous disqualify the other choices.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    If the pH of a patient’s blood is 7.4, then it can be said that the patient has:
    pH above 7.0 indicates an alkaline solution. However 7.4 is within the healthy range, so there is no alkalosis.
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    Body Temperature, Energy and Heat Loss
    Work is done when an object is moved by a force. What is energy?
    Choice B refers to power. Choice C refers to a balanced force.
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    Nervous System
    What is the purpose of the myelin sheath around an axon?
    The myelin sheath insulates the axon. That is, it prevents ions from crossing the plasma membrane except at the nodes of Ranvier, where the sheath is absent.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Which completed statement is NOT true? Peripheral resistance:
    If the diameter of blood vessels increases, there will be less friction with the vessel wall, and peripheral resistance will decrease.
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    Gastrointestinal System
    Which of the following are the end products of protein hydrolysis?
    Amino acids are the smallest molecules resulting from protein hydrolysis. Some two amino acid units (dipeptides) and three amino acid units (tripeptides) can also be absorbed from the gut.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Endocrine System
    What effect does aldosterone have? It causes:
    Aldosterone promotes the absorption of sodium from the filtrate, while potassium (also a positively charged ion) is secreted to maintain electrical neutrality.
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    Cardiovascular System
    Which chamber of the heart has the thickest myocardium?
    The left ventricle has the thickest myocardium (muscle) as it needs to contract with the greatest force.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    What is the most superficial part of the brain called?
    Each hemisphere has a superficial layer of “grey matter” called the cerebral cortex, lying over “white matter”.
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