Anatomy and Physiology

    Skeleton and Joints
    What does the term “Haversian canal” refer to in bone?
    It is named after the English physician Clopton Havers, also known as the central canal.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    In which colour ranges do the three pigments in the retina have their major sensitivities?
    Red cones are most sensitive to light with wavelength 560 nm, green cones at 530 nm and blue cones at 420 nm.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Skeleton and Joints
    Which statement correctly defines an osteon?
    In two dimensions osteons appear as circles or ovals under the microscope, while in three dimensions, they are cylindrical.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which autonomic centre controls homeostasis in the viscera?
    The hypothalamus is the main visceral control centre of body homeostasis. The thalamus receives sensory information before passing it onto basal nuclei and cerebral cortex.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    A lipid such as oleic acid contains a number of double bonds in the carbon chain. Because of this, what term is applied to it?
    “Unsaturated” because addition hydrogen atoms may be attached to the carbon bonds if the double bond was replaced by a single bond. “Poly-” because there is more than one instance of a double bond between adjacent carbon atoms.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Respiratory System
    The “lower respiratory tract” includes all those structures below which of the following?
    Below the larynx. That is, the LRT includes the trachea, the conducting airways and the alveoli.
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    Cells and Tissues
    What happens during anaphase of mitosis?
    Separation of the two chromatids of a chromosome occurs at anaphase. Choice D is cytokinesis and begins in late anaphase and continues into telophase.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Measurement, Errors, Data and Unit Conversion
    If someone’s height is measured while the person is wearing shoes, the height will be overestimated. This type of error is known as which of the following?
    Zeroing error because in this example, the object being measured is not aligned with the start of the measuring scale.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    What law is being “obeyed” by a gas bubble as it expands inside a person’s colon as the aeroplane ascends to cruising height?
    Boyle’s law relates P and V; the volume of an enclosed gas expands as pressure decreases. The air pressure in an aeroplane cabin is allowed to decrease to the equivalent of the air pressure at about 2700 m above sea level.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    What may hyponatremia be described as?
    The prefix “hypo-” refers to too little, and natrium is a Latin word that means sodium.
    Author: rikazzz Comment