Anatomy and Physiology

    Biomechanics
    Which one describes when an unbalanced force is acting?
    An unbalanced force will result in some movement. The movement of the limb indicates that an unbalanced (muscle) force was acting.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Respiratory System
    Which of these structures has no cartilage in it?
    Alveoli are formed by a single layer of squamous epithelium. There is no cartilage.
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    Ionising Radiation
    Which of the following statements about radioactivity is NOT correct?
    Diagnostic x-rays are not associated with radioactivity.
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    Renal System
    The majority of material reabsorbed from the filtrate is reabsorbed from the renal tubule:
    The majority of reabsorption occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule which is before the loop of Henle.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    What is meant by the term “neutropenia” when applied to blood?
    The suffix “-penia” means too few of that particular cell. Having too few white blood cells is described as leukopenia.
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    Skeleton and Joints
    What is true of synovial joints? They
    The fluid is synovial fluid. Amphiarthroses are “slightly moveable” joints whereas synovial joints are freely moveable.
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    Cardiovascular System
    The measurement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure is made while the patient is lying down rather than sitting up. The horizontal posture prevents a false high reading due to:
    In the sitting position, the CSF pressure as measured by tapping into the lumbar region would be increased by the head of pressure of about 40 cm of water.
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    Biomechanics
    In a Hamilton-Russell traction system, the traction force is greater than the weight of the hanging mass because:
    The moveable pulley provides a mechanical advantage. A fixed pulley merely redirects the direction of traction without altering its magnitude.
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    Cardiovascular System
    Which of the following is NOT true about turbulent blood flow?
    When blood flows in smooth streamlines parallel to the vessel walls, it is known as streamline flow. In turbulent flow the liquid moves in eddies and will not always be parallel to the vessel walls.
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    Renal System
    Angiotensin II causes the following things to occur EXCEPT for one. Which one?
    Angiotensinogen II causes choices A, B and C to happen. While aldosterone does cause Na+ to be reabsorbed from the filtrate and if ADH is present to promote the insertion of aquaporins into the tubule cell plasma membranes, water will be absorbed from the filtrate. But this is not a direct result, so “D” is the best choice of answer.
    Author: rikazzz Comment