Anatomy and Physiology

    Nervous System
    With respect to the spinal cord, where is the epidural space?
    The epidural space is above or on top of the dura and external to the spinal cord. It is between the spinal cord and the surrounding vertebrae.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Body Temperature, Energy and Heat Loss
    One of the following mechanisms for losing body heat does NOT increase heat loss as we increase the amount of bare skin that we expose. Which one?
    Respiratory heat loss occurs because the air we inhale is usually at less than 37 °C, while it is warmed to 37 °C before it is exhaled. (Also exhaled air is saturated with water vapour that carries with it the heat of vaporisation.) These mechanisms are not affected by the amount of skin we expose.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Which of the following heart structures are listed in the correct sequence of blood flow through them?
    Blood enters the RV via the tricuspid valve; it leaves the LA via the mitral valve.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Which are the two most common types of white blood cells?
    50–70% of WBC are neutrophils and another 25% are lymphocytes.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    If you have 6/7 vision, you can see clearly at 6 m what most people can see from 7 m away. If you have myopia, what numbers are likely to describe your vision?
    Myopia is “short-sightedness” meaning that items that are close may be seen clearly but those far away cannot be seen. Myopic people need to be closer in order to see the item clearly. 3/6 vision means that from 3 m away, items may be seen that are normally clear from 6 m away. Choice B, 6/7 is a little myopic but not as much as 3/6.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    Which of the statements below is correct?
    Carbon dioxide that we breathe out enters the alveoli after diffusing there from the blood plasma. No other gas is excreted.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    What may accurately be said of the postsynaptic membrane?
    The postsynaptic membrane is stimulated by a neurotransmitter, after it crosses the synaptic cleft, so has receptors for it. The postsynaptic membrane may be part of a muscle cell.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Biomechanics
    What does a nurse attempt to minimise during a patient manual handling procedure?
    Minimising friction will both minimise the muscular effort (force) required and also the shearing force on the patient’s skin.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Muscles
    What are the muscles known as triceps brachii, biceps femoris and quadriceps femoris named according to? Their:
    Bi-, tri- and quad- refer to the number of origins, while the second word refers to location (arm or femur).
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Muscles
    Which of the listed muscles is named according to its action?
    The pronator teres pronates the forearm (turns the radius so that it crosses over the ulna).
    Author: rikazzz Comment