Anatomy and Physiology

    Endocrine System
    Which structure produces epinephrine and norepinephrine?
    The medulla (interior) of the adrenal gland.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Respiratory System
    Which structures comprise the lower respiratory tract?
    The lower respiratory tract begins below the pharynx.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Reproductive System
    Which cells produce the majority of estrogens?
    The thecal cells of the follicles produce androstenedione which is absorbed by the granulosa cells and used to produce estrogens. (The corpus luteum does secrete some estrogens too.)
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Renal System
    From which part of the nephron is the greatest proportion of Na + absorbed from the filtrate?
    The PCT absorbs about 65% of the sodium from the filtrate.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    During an auscultatory blood pressure determination, the Korotkoff sounds that are listened for are produced because:
    Turbulent blood flow produces sound that is audible with a stethoscope. Auscultatory systolic BP measurement requires the artery to be squashed flat. At the point just before blood flow is stopped, the blood squirts through the squashed artery in a turbulent fashion, and this noisy squirting blood produces a sound a udible with a stethoscope.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Skeleton and Joints
    Which of the following describes the movements known as pronation and supination?
    Pronation occurs when the radius is moved from a position parallel to the ulna to one where it crosses over the ulna, and supination is the return motion (may be thought of as the action we perform when turning off a wall-mounted tap).
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Measurement, Errors, Data and Unit Conversion
    How many micrograms are there in 5 mg?
    1 mg is 1000μg, so 5 mg = 5000 μg.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Gastrointestinal System
    Where is the gastro-oesophageal sphincter?
    It is where the oesophagus enters the stomach. It prevents the stomach contents refluxing into the oesophagus.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Biomechanics
    What is the best definition of the WEIGHT of an object? Weight is the:
    Weight is a force. It is the attractive force between the Earth’s mass and the object’s mass.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Reproductive System
    Which of the following do the testes produce?
    The sperm are physically mature when they enter the epididymis but need to be capacitated by fluid from the seminal glands and the fallopian tube’s peg cells. Most of the volume of the ejaculate comes from the seminal glands.
    Author: rikazzz Comment