Anatomy and Physiology MCQs

Body Temperature, Energy and Heat Loss

Hyperthermia is a core body temperature greater than which of the following temperatures?

36 °C

37 °C

38 °C

39 °C

38 is the lower limit of what is considered to be a fever in a resting adult.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Reproductive System

Which of the listed structures does the male reproductive tract pass through?

The prostate

The bulbourethral gland

The seminiferous vesicles

The bladder

The ducts from the seminal glands join with the vas deferens to become the ejaculatory ducts and enter the prostate. There they both join the urethra which then exits the prostate.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Renal System

In the glomerulus, what is the method by which solutes are transferred from the blood to the Bowman’s capsule?

Diffusion

Active transport

Secretion

Filtration

Filtration due to the pressure difference between the capillary blood and fluid in the Bowman’s capsule.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Chemistry for Physiology

What is the difference between ions and molecules?

Ions have an electrical charge, whereas molecules do not.

Ions are from metal elements only, whereas molecules contain only non- metal elements.

Ions arise from compounds between non-metal elements, whereas mole-cules arise from metal and non-metal elements.

An ion may be formed from a single atom, but molecules always involve more than one atom.

This is the only correct choice. However molecules may also form ions – polyatomic ions.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Nervous System

The deterioration of sight with age is known by which term?

Protanopia

Presbyopia

Hyperopia

Scotopia

“Presby-” means old (or elder): presbyopia = old-age vision; presbycusis = old-age hearing.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Endocrine System

Which organ produces the most estrogens?

The placenta

The testes

The corpus luteum

The ovaries

The ovaries, specifically the cells surrounding the ovum, produce estrogens. The corpus luteum produces a smaller amount.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Nervous System

Consider the following pairs of terms. Which pair has a term that refers to a part of the nervous system that carries sensory information to the brain and a term that refers to a part that carries motor commands to the peripheral tissues?

Parasympathetic division; sympathetic division

Somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system

Afferent division; efferent division

Central nervous system; peripheral nervous system

Afferent division carries sensory info to the brain, while efferent refers to motor info leaving the brain.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Cardiovascular System

What name is given to the pressure-sensitive neurones that monitor stretching in blood vessel walls?

Baroreceptors

Muscle spindles

Sympathetic receptors

Integral proteins

The “bar” was used as unit of air pressure: 1 mb = 1 hPa. It is now used as a prefix in a word to denote an association with pressure. A barometer is a device to measure air pressure; hence baroreceptor refers to a pressure receptor.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Nervous System

In a cross-sectional view of the spinal cord, there is a butterfly-shaped structure. What would the posterior grey horn of this structure primarily consist of?

The axons of motor neurons

The cell bodies of interneurons

The cell bodies of motor neurons

The cell bodies of sensory neurons

The posterior (or dorsal) grey horn contains interneurons that receive stimuli from sensory axons (whose cell bodies reside in the dorsal root ganglion).

Author: rikazzz Comment

Measurement, Errors, Data and Unit Conversion

What is 1.25 g converted to micrograms?

125

1250

12,500

1,250,000

Micro refers to “a millionth of”. There are 1.25 × 106 millionths of a gram in 1.25 g, so 1,250,000 millionths of a gram = 1,250,000 micrograms (g to μg: shift the decimal point six places to the right).

Author: rikazzz Comment