Anatomy and Physiology

    Cardiovascular System
    What is the role of angiotensin II? To:
    Angiotensin II promotes vasoconstriction which increases peripheral resistance which increases BP. It also stimulates the adrenal glands to produce aldosterone. It is aldosterone that causes an increase in Na+ absorption; hence choice B is a better answer than D.
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    Endocrine System
    Which endocrine organ produces “releasing hormones” and “inhibitory hormones”?
    The hypothalamus controls the secretion of the anterior pituitary by the use of “releasing hormones” and “inhibitory hormones”.
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    Body Temperature, Energy and Heat Loss
    Which choice explains how the evaporation of sweat “cools” our body?
    Water molecules have a range of KE. The water molecules with the most KE are those that vaporise first. Sweat will be at the same temperature as the skin it sits on.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    As a result of the pumping action of the heart, we are able to feel pulsations in our superficial arteries (e.g. the radial pulse). This effect is an example of which of the following?
    Pascal’s states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid. The LV pushes blood into the aorta at pressure. This pressure distends the artery walls of the brachial artery – even though it is 70 cm away from the heart – and we can feel the pulsations as pressure rises and falls.
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    Nervous System
    In which region of the eye does the most detailed vision occur? The:
    The fovea centralis is at the centre of the macula lutea. The optic disc is insensitive to light.
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    Integument
    Which glands secrete “oil” into a hair follicle?
    Eccrine sudoriferous glands secrete to skin surface via a duct.
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    Skeleton and Joints
    Carpals refers to
    Wrist bones are carpals; hand bones are metacarpals (ankle bones are tarsals).
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    Skeleton and Joints
    What are the bones of the fingers known as?
    Phalanges (singular phalanx) are the bones of the fingers or toes. Metacarpals are the bones of the hand.
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    Cells and Tissues
    Which one of the following statements best describes DNA?
    DNA is double-stranded, while the “D” refers to “deoxy-“.
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    Chemistry for Physiology
    To what type of fatty acids is the term “saturated” applied?
    Saturated refers to the number of single bonds around carbon atoms. The maximum is four if there are no double bonds.
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