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Anatomy and Physiology
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Anatomy and Physiology
- Page 225
Organisation of the Body
41
Cells and Tissues
129
Measurement, Errors, Data and Unit Conversion
45
Integument
65
Homeostasis
0
Skeleton and Joints
100
Muscles
98
Gastrointestinal System
140
Endocrine System
102
Renal System
117
Cardiovascular System
365
Respiratory System
130
Nervous System
292
Reproductive System
72
The Physics of Waves: Light Waves, Sound Waves and Ultrasound
62
Ionising Radiation
92
Electricity
35
Biomechanics
58
Body Temperature, Energy and Heat Loss
70
Chemistry for Physiology
279
Show/Hide Answers
Reproductive System
Which of the following could be accurately said of oogenesis and spermiogenesis?
They both occur after puberty.
They both cease after menopause.
The former occurs before birth while the latter continues from puberty to death.
The former is promoted by FSH while the latter is promoted by LH.
Oogenesis occurs before birth while spermiogenesis continues from puberty to death. Both are promoted by FSH.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Cardiovascular System
By which means will the sympathetic response raise blood pressure?
Vasoconstriction due to stimulation of alpha receptors
Vasoconstriction due to stimulation of beta receptors
Increased cardiac output due to stimulation of alpha receptors
Increased stroke volume due to stimulation of alpha receptors
The neurotransmitter epinephrine will attach to the alpha receptor sites of smooth muscle in blood vessels and cause vasoconstriction (except for blood vessel in skeletal muscle). Choices C and D are wrong as beta, not alpha, receptors increase CO. Choice B is wrong as alpha (not beta) receptors produce vasoconstriction.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Cardiovascular System
Capillaries permit the exchange of nutrients and wastes between cells and the blood because of which feature of their structure?
Adjacent endothelial cells are separated by gaps which allow free exchange between blood and interstitial fluid.
They are in close proximity to most cells.
They have a single layer, the tunica intima, consisting of a single layer of endothelial cells in their walls.
Their endothelial cells have pores (windows) to allow the rapid movement of water and solutes.
The walls of capillaries are very thin and have only one tunic, not three in their wall.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Ionising Radiation
What does the “maximum permissible dose” of radiation (100 mSv/5 year period) refer to?
The average dose for the general population as a whole
The dose for an individual not exposed to radiation through their work
The dose allowed to people exposed to radiation through their work
The dose above which radiation is likely to cause harm to humans
100 mSv/5 years is the permitted dose to workers who because they are employed derive the benefits of employment which outweighs the small theoretical detriment they suffer due to their exposure.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Respiratory System
Which of the following buffer systems of the body is affected by the action of the lungs?
Protein
Monohydrogen phosphate/dihydrogen phosphate
Ammonia/ammonium
Carbonic acid/bicarbonate
Exhaled CO
2
comes from the disassociation of the carbonic acid molecule which in turn forms when a hydronium ion (acid) combines with a bicarbonate ion. Hence, exhaling CO
2
reduces the amount of acid in the blood.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Cardiovascular System
Through which valve does blood flow when it moves from the left atrium into the left ventricle?
The semilunar valve
The mitral valve
The tricuspid valve
The aortic valve
The left atrioventricular valve is also known as the mitral (and bicuspid) valve.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Skeleton and Joints
In which structure are osteoclasts and osteoblasts found?
In the periosteum
In the Haversian canals
In the lacunae of osteons
In the trabeculae of osteons
The membrane around bones houses the bone-forming cells (osteoblasts) and the bone-resorbing cells (osteoclasts).
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Respiratory System
Mt. Everest “base camp” is located 5300 m above sea level. Here, the atmospheric pressure is 403 mmHg (rather than 760 mmHg at sea level), and the oxygen partial pressure in atmospheric air at this altitude is about 79 mmHg. What is the likely value for dissolved oxygen concentration in arterial blood for someone at base camp?
149 mmHg
104 mmHg
79 mmHg
50 mmHg
This value has been measured in climbers at base camp. If the partial pressure of oxygen gas in the atmosphere is 79 mmHg, the ppO
2
in the alveoli will be less than this, because there is substantial carbon dioxide and water vapour in alveolar air. 149 is the ppO
2
in the atmosphere at sea level, while 104 is ppO
2
in alveolar air at sea level.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Cardiovascular System
Consider Boyle’s law. If the pressure being exerted on an enclosed volume of gas (at a constant temperature) is increased by 20%, by what percentage would its volume change?
Volume would increase by 20%.
Volume would increase by 44%.
Volume would decrease by 44%.
Volume would decrease by 20%.
Pressure and volume are inversely proportional. So if P increases by 20%, V will decrease by 20%.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Nervous System
There are three ossicles in the middle ear. What are their names?
Malleus, stapedius, otolith
Cochlea, stapes, incus
Stapedius, ampulla, cochlea
Malleus, stapes, incus
Malleus, stapes and incus (aka hammer, stirrup, anvil) are in the middle ear. The stapedius is a muscle, while the cochlea is the inner ear.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
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