Quantitative data analysis
Setting the p level at 0.01 increases the chances of making a:
Type I error
Type II error
Type III error
All of the above
Type II error
The p value represents the level of probability that an apparently significant relationship between variables was really just due to chance. If p is set at 0.01, this means that we would expect such a result in only 1 in 100 cases. This is a very stringent level, and while it means that the researcher can be more confident about a significant result if they find one, it also increases the chance of making a Type II error: confirming the null hypothesis when it should be rejected. Bryman shows the connections between Type I and Type II errors and levels of p in Figure 15.12 on page 347.
Reference: Bryman: Social Research Methods: 5th Edition Page(s) 347
Reference: Bryman: Social Research Methods: 5th Edition Page(s) 347
Type II error The p value represents the level of probability that an apparently significant relationship between variables was really just due to chance. If p is set at 0.01, this means that we would expect such a result in only 1 in 100 cases. This is a very stringent level, and while it means that the researcher can be more confident about a significant result if they find one, it also increases the chance of making a Type II error: confirming the null hypothesis when it should be rejected. Bryman shows the connections between Type I and Type II errors and levels of p in Figure 15.12 on page 347.
Reference: Bryman: Social Research Methods: 5th Edition Page(s) 347
Reference: Bryman: Social Research Methods: 5th Edition Page(s) 347
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