Quantitative data analysis
What is the name of the test that is used to assess the relationship between two ordinal variables?
Spearman’s rho
Phi
Cramer’s V
Chi square
Spearman’s rho
Pearson’s r test is extremely valuable but limited to assessing correlations between interval/ratio variables. Spearman’s rho test is a very similar technique which can be used on pairs of variables when either both are ordinal or one is ordinal and the other is interval/ratio. The result will lie between -1 and +1, indicating the range of possible correlation, from perfectly negative to perfectly positive. The phi coefficient is used for dichotomous variables and Cramer’s V is a test of the strength of the relationship between nominal variables. Chi square, in brief, tests for the likelihood of relationships existing through mere chance, so is usually used in conjunction with the tests discussed in this question.
Reference: Bryman: Social Research Methods: 5th Edition Page(s) 343
Reference: Bryman: Social Research Methods: 5th Edition Page(s) 343
Spearman’s rho Pearson’s r test is extremely valuable but limited to assessing correlations between interval/ratio variables. Spearman’s rho test is a very similar technique which can be used on pairs of variables when either both are ordinal or one is ordinal and the other is interval/ratio. The result will lie between -1 and +1, indicating the range of possible correlation, from perfectly negative to perfectly positive. The phi coefficient is used for dichotomous variables and Cramer’s V is a test of the strength of the relationship between nominal variables. Chi square, in brief, tests for the likelihood of relationships existing through mere chance, so is usually used in conjunction with the tests discussed in this question.
Reference: Bryman: Social Research Methods: 5th Edition Page(s) 343
Reference: Bryman: Social Research Methods: 5th Edition Page(s) 343
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B. If there could be an intervening variable
C. If a third variable might be moderating the relationship
D. All of the above
A test of statistical significance indicates how confident the researcher is about:
A. The inter-coder reliability of their structured interview schedule
B. Passing their driving test
C. Understanding the difference between bivariate and multivariate analysis
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If there were a perfect positive correlation between two interval/ratio variables, the Pearson’s r test would give a correlation coefficient of:
A. – 0.328
B. +1
C. +0.328
D. – 1
What is the difference between interval/ratio and ordinal variables?
A. The distance between categories is equal across the range of interval/ratio data
B. Ordinal data can be rank ordered, but interval/ratio data cannot
C. Interval/ratio variables contain only two categories
D. Ordinal variables have a fixed zero point, whereas interval/ratio variables do not
Setting the p level at 0.01 increases the chances of making a:
A. Type I error
B. Type II error
C. Type III error
D. All of the above
What is the function of a contingency table, in the context of bivariate analysis?
A. It shows the results you would expect to find by chance
B. It summarises the frequencies of two variables so that they can be compared
C. It lists the different levels of p value for tests of significance
D. It compares the results you might get from various statistical tests
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