Integument

The body is not able to prevent water loss from the exposed tissues. (Also, but not part of the provided choices, the loss of skin means that the body is unprotected from infectious agents.)

The integument consists of the epidermis and dermis. The dermis consists of the papillary dermal layer and the reticular dermal layer, which is deeper.

The epidermis is “on top of” (superficial to) the dermis.

UV light converts cholecalciferol (= provitamin D3) into vitamin D precursor. The liver then adds a hydroxyl group.

Transdermally refers to the drug having to pass through the skin, rather than bypass the skin as in hypodermic administration (choice D) or intradermal injection (choice B).

A lysosome is an organelle within a cell. -Phage, -blast and -cyte are all suffixes indicating a type of cell.

The stratum corneum is “not alive” so forms the protective barrier between the human internal environment and our surroundings.

Stratum corneum is the outermost corny or horny layer made largely of keratin.

The waterproof outer layer of the epidermis is lost if skin is burnt off, so evaporation from the wet tissues beneath proceeds rapidly.

Dendrocytes are macrophages, and “dendrocidin” is not produced.