Anatomy and Physiology MCQs

The active wire is live in the roof space between your power board (fuse box) and the power points in the walls. The telephone wire is live too but is at low voltage.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Gastrointestinal System

Which of the following pancreatic juice enzymes aids in the digestion of proteins?

Amylase

Lipase

Nuclease

Trypsin

Amylase digests carbohydrate; lipase digests lipids; nuclease digests nucleic acids.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Chemistry for Physiology

Some atoms of potassium, K, contain 19 protons and 20 neutrons in their nuclei. What is the correct symbol for these atoms?

1920K

2019K

1939K

3920K

The number of protons (the atomic number) is written as a subscript. The sum of the number of protons and neutrons (the mass number) is written as a superscript.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Nervous System

What effect does “brain death” have on the patellar and Achilles reflexes?

There is no effect; these reflexes still work as they are spinal reflexes that do not rely on the brain being alive.

These reflexes are absent as the brain is unable to send nerve impulses to the spinal tracts in brain death.

These reflexes are enhanced as the dead brain no longer exerts a partial suppression to these reflexes.

These spinal reflexes are diminished as in brain death there are no reinforcement impulses from the brain.

Spinal reflexes initiate and complete without the need for nerve impulses to be sent to or from the brain. In fact an active brain will exert some restraint on the muscle activity that is generated. Hence a dead brain does not exert any restraint so the spinal reflexes are more marked.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Ionising Radiation

Which one of the following statements about the radionuclide selected for inclusion in radiopharmaceuticals is NOT correct?

It should have a short half-life.

It should emit alpha or beta rays.

It should emit gamma rays in the range 100–250 keV.

All the atoms should be radioactive.

Particulate radiation (alpha and beta rays) is not penetrating enough to pass out of the body, so it cannot be used in radiopharmaceuticals.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Cardiovascular System

Pascal’s principle (“pressure applied to an enclosed fluid at rest is transmitted to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of the containing vessel”) may be used to understand which of the following phenomena?

An air mattress minimises the pressure applied to a bedridden patient’s body.

A worker can walk on wet concrete without sinking by standing on wide boards.

That a pulse can be felt as blood flows through a superficial artery.

The collapsing of a plastic intravenous bag as the liquid runs out.

The blood may be considered an enclosed fluid. As the left ventricle exerts pressure on the blood, the pressure can be felt throughout the arterial system. So this pressure can be detected by palpating a pulse point.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Integument

Which is the outermost layer of the skin?

Dermis

Epidermis

Stratum lucidum

Reticular dermal layer

The epidermis is “on top of” (superficial to) the dermis.

Author: rikazzz Comment

Body Temperature, Energy and Heat Loss

Consider a person whose diet provides a daily energy intake of 10,500 kJ and whose daily activities result in their body consuming 9500 kJ of energy daily. If this situation continues for several months, the possible outcome would be:

A gradual rise in basal metabolic rate.