Anatomy and Physiology

    Nervous System
    Where is the cerebral spinal fluid found?
    CSF is located in the subarachnoid space and within the brain.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Organisation of the Body
    What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
    The muscular diaphragm physically separates these two ventral cavities.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    Which item from the following list is an electrolyte?
    “An electrolyte is a substance that when dissolved in water, will produce ions in solution.” Glucose is a molecular compound so does not ionise.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    What is the range of frequencies that the human ear is most sensitive to?
    “Most sensitive” means sounds loudest to us. Some people can hear sound with frequency as low as 20 Hz or as high as 20,000 Hz, but the sound will be very faint. Sounds with frequency between 500 and 6000 Hz seem to be loudest to the human ear.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Organisation of the Body
    What is the study of how body parts function called?
    Physiology refers to function.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    Given that 1 mol is 6 × 1023 particles, how much is a millimole?
    A millimole is one thousandth of a mole, so 1 mmol = 10−3 × 6 × 1023 = 6 × 1020 particles.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    What are lymphocytes? Blood cells that:
    Lymphocytes (NK, T and B types) are part of the body’s specific defence mechanism.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    All of the following terms EXCEPT for one are applied to an anatomical feature where a crossing over from one side to the other occurs. Which one?
    The others refer to the optic chiasma, the cruciate ligament and the decussation of pyramids.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    What term refers to the sudden movement of potassium ions across the cell membrane to the outside of a nerve cell?
    When Na+ ions move into the axon, it is called depolarisation as the resting potential changes from −70 mV to +30 mV. Movement out by K+ ions is called repolarisation as the potential returns to −70 mV. One followed by the other is the action potential.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Which of the following statements uses Pascal’s principle to describe a physical function of synovial fluid in the knee?
    Pascal’s principle applies to stationary liquids that are enclosed. Pressure applied to any point in such liquids is transmitted undiminished and equally to all parts of the liquid. This is what allows the body’s weight to be distributed across all the surfaces within the joint capsule, rather than just to the points of contact between the femur and tibia. The other statements are true but do not rely on Pascal’s principle.
    Author: rikazzz Comment