Anatomy and Physiology

    Nervous System
    What part of the brain is known as the cerebrum?
    The cerebrum is the cortex (the outer part) of the brain made up of folds called gyri and sulci.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Ionising Radiation
    What is a radionuclide with a short half-life (say 5 h) said to be?
    A radionuclide with a short half-life must be emitting a lot of radiation in that time as half of the nuclei present will have emitted their radiation. Hence it may be termed “highly radioactive”, albeit for a short time.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which of the following is NOT composed of “grey matter”?
    Grey matter refers to cell bodies of neurons, while white matter is aggregations of myelinated axons. The spinothalamic “tract” is a bundle of nerves (axons) carrying information to the brain.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Skeleton and Joints
    What body part is able to perform pronation and supination?
    It is the radius and ulna bones whose movement relative to each other produce pronation and supination.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    Which strategy would be most effective in dealing with a severe case of dehydration?
    IV solutions should be isotonic (oral solutions should be hypotonic). Glucose would be absorbed by cells leaving the water behind in the blood which would reduce blood osmolarity. Hence water would redistribute itself by osmosis through the body.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    Which of the following atoms normally forms ions having a single, positive charge?
    This is because potassium is a metal and from group IA of the periodic table.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Gastrointestinal System
    What is a function of the stomach?
    The churning of chyme is part of mechanical digestion. While some simple molecules (water, aspirin, glucose) can be absorbed from the stomach, most absorption occurs after digestion in the small intestine.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Integument
    If a drug is administered “transdermally”, which of the following applies?
    Transdermally refers to the drug having to pass through the skin, rather than bypass the skin as in hypodermic administration (choice D) or intradermal injection (choice B).
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    Ribose is a sugar with molecular formula C5H10O5. Given that the atomic weights are C = 12, H = 1 and O = 16, how many moles of ribose are there in 3 g?
    Mass of 1 mol of ribose = (5 × 12) + (10 × 1) + (5 × 16) = 60 + 10 + 80 = 150 g. 3 g is less than 1 mol. Number of moles = 3 g/150 g per mol = 0.02 mol.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Skeleton and Joints
    Which of the following refers to an articulation between bones?
    A symphysis is an immovable joint between two bones (e.g. the pubic symphysis or the mandibular symphysis). Choices A and B refer to structures within a bone. Synovium refers to the membrane that produces synovial fluid.
    Author: rikazzz Comment