Anatomy and Physiology

    Renal System
    What name is given to the blood vessel that connects the capillaries of the glomerulus to the vasa recta?
    The efferent arteriole transports blood from the glomerulus to the peritubular capillaries and vasa recta.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    If an atheroma reduces the diameter of an artery from 2 to 1 mm, what effect would this have on the blood flow through the artery? (According to Poiseuille’s law, volume flow rate through a blood vessel is proportional to its radius to the fourth power, i.e. V ∝ R4.)
    As volume flow rate is proportional to radius to the fourth power, if radius decreases by half, volume flow rate decreases by ½ × ½ × ½ × ½ = 1/16.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Which of the following is closest to a statement of Poiseuille’s law?
    This is one of the factors in Poiseuille’s law upon which volume flow rate depends: V ∝ R4
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    The unit milliosmoles per litre (mosmol/L) refers to which of the following?
    A milliosmole (mosmol) is 10−3 × (6 × 1023) particles which is 6 × 1020. Choice B means 1000× the correct answer. Choice D means 1/1000 × the correct answer.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Ionising Radiation
    What is the purpose of adding filtration to an x-ray beam? To:
    X-rays are produced in an x-ray tube with a range of energies. Filtration will absorb the lowest-energy photons more than the higher energy ones. This will result in the average energy of the remaining spectrum increasing.
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    Respiratory System
    What mechanism transports the largest portion of oxygen around the body?
    Haemoglobin within RBC is the protein that binds to oxygen enabling its transport.
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    Chemistry for Physiology
    An intravenous fluid that is hypertonic to blood would have what effect on the red blood cells?
    RBC in contact with a hypertonic solution would lose water to the solution and shrink. This would cause their plasma membrane to crenate (wrinkle).
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    Cells and Tissues
    Which of the following is NOT a connective tissue?
    Mesothelium is simple squamous epithelium that is found in serous membranes.
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    Integument
    What is one difference between the dermis and the epidermis? The
    The stratum germinativum of the epidermis and the more superficial layers being without blood capillaries receives their nutrition via diffusion from capillaries in the dermis.
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    Nervous System
    What is the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for?
    The parasympathetic division prepares the body for “rest and repose”, conserves energy and promotes non-emergency function.
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