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Anatomy and Physiology
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Anatomy and Physiology
- Page 205
Organisation of the Body
41
Cells and Tissues
129
Measurement, Errors, Data and Unit Conversion
45
Integument
65
Homeostasis
0
Skeleton and Joints
100
Muscles
98
Gastrointestinal System
140
Endocrine System
102
Renal System
117
Cardiovascular System
365
Respiratory System
130
Nervous System
292
Reproductive System
72
The Physics of Waves: Light Waves, Sound Waves and Ultrasound
62
Ionising Radiation
92
Electricity
35
Biomechanics
58
Body Temperature, Energy and Heat Loss
70
Chemistry for Physiology
279
Show/Hide Answers
Nervous System
Choose the answer that correctly completes the sentence. The “lens” of the human eye:
Is a biconcave lens
Produces more refraction than the cornea
Can have its focal length altered
Consists of rods and cones
The lens, by having its degree of convexity altered, can have its focal length changed. It is in fact biconvex.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Nervous System
Which muscle(s) are NOT controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
Cardiac muscle
The diaphragm
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle is under our conscious control and innervated by the somatic nervous system, which is one part of the efferent division of the peripheral nervous system.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Cells and Tissues
A particular tissue contains cells that have a process that extends for 20 or 30 cm from the cell body. What type of tissue is it likely to be?
Neural tissue
Muscle tissue
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
The long process is called an axon and belongs to a neurone. So the tissue is neural tissue.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Nervous System
What is the effect of the movement of Na
+
into a nerve cell followed very soon by the movement of K
+
out of the nerve cell?
This establishes the resting membrane potential.
These movements are known as depolarisation and repolarisation.
These movements repolarise the cell.
It changes the membrane potential from about −70 mV to about −50 mV.
When Na
+
moves into a nerve cell, the cell depolarises (from −70 mV to about +30 mV); when soon afterwards K
+
moves out of the nerve cell, it repolarises (from +30 mV back to −70 mV).
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Ionising Radiation
What does the physical half-life of a pure sample of radioactive material refer to?
The amount of time taken for half of the radioactive atoms to decay.
Half of the time that it would take for all of the radioactive atoms to decay.
The average time taken for any particular radioactive atom to decay.
The time it takes for half of a sample of ingested radioisotope to be cleared from the body.
The half-life of a particular radionuclide is the time it takes for half of the remaining atoms of that particular radionuclide to decay. Choice B is not the same thing.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Nervous System
Which one of the following statements is WRONG?
The middle ear lies between the tympanic membrane and the oval and round windows.
The outer ear is vented by the Eustachian (or auditory) tube.
The stapes is located in the middle ear.
The tectorial membrane and the basilar membrane are located in the inner ear.
The middle (not outer) ear is filled with air and is vented to the mouth via the Eustachian tube.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Cardiovascular System
What is the consequence when ADH is released?
Blood osmolarity increases.
The permeability of the collecting ducts to water is increased.
Peripheral vasodilation increases.
Blood pressure decreases.
Antidiuretic hormone decreases the volume of urine formed by causing water to be reclaimed from the DCT and collecting duct. Hence blood osmolarity will not increase and BP will not decrease.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Chemistry for Physiology
Which of the following is true of metal elements?
The four most common metal elements in the body have the symbols C, H, O and N.
They form compounds with non-metals.
When they form compounds, they gain electrons.
In the body, ions of metal atoms have a negative charge.
All other choices are wrong.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Body Temperature, Energy and Heat Loss
When the label on a packaged food item states that 100 g contains 650 kJ of energy, it means that:
The human body is able to extract 650 kJ of heat and useful work by digesting the food.
650 kJ of energy was consumed in growing or producing or making the food.
650 kJ of heat energy is released when 100 g of the food is burned in an atmosphere of pure oxygen.
Ultimately your body will be able to perform 650 kJ of work for every 100 g of the food that you eat.
Food energy values are determined by burning a sample of the food in a calorimeter and measuring the heat produced. If the body was 100% efficient, choice A would be true.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
Gastrointestinal System
The liver is able to deaminate amino acids forming ammonia in the process. What happens to the ammonia?
It is phagocytosed by Kupffer cells.
It is used in transamination to form non-essential amino acids.
It is converted to bile to be excreted via the gut.
It is converted to urea for excretion by the kidneys.
Urea is the molecule and vehicle for excretion of human nitrogenous waste.
Author:
rikazzz
Comment
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