Anatomy and Physiology

    Chemistry for Physiology
    Which of the following pH values would you expect to a dilute solution of a weak base to have?
    A base has a pH greater than 7.0. A weak base will have a value that is not much greater than 7.0
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cells and Tissues
    Why does the plasma membrane of a cell present a barrier to the movement of electrolytes through it?
    Electrolytes, being charged particles, are not able to dissolve their way through the lipid plasma membrane (which is non-polar). Hence it is a barrier to them.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    The Physics of Waves: Light Waves, Sound Waves and Ultrasound
    What property of a LASER makes it suitable for surgical procedures? A LASER:
    The ability to vaporise tissue means a laser can “cut” through tissue at the point of vaporisation.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Renal System
    What influences and structures facilitate blood filtration in the renal corpuscle?
    High hydrostatic pressure facilitates filtration and pores in the capillary walls (fenestrae) allow easy passage.
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    Integument
    When a pharmaceutical is administered hypodermically, it is
    “Hypo” means below, in this case, the dermis. Subcutaneous fat (superficial fascia) lies beneath the dermis.
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    Reproductive System
    Which organ produces and releases progesterone?
    The corpus luteum (left behind when the ovum is released) produces most of the progesterone.
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    Chemistry for Physiology
    If humans venture to above 5000 m in altitude, hyperventilation (in response to low atmospheric pressure) results in a very low concentration of dissolved CO2 in the blood. What is the consequence of this?
    A deficiency of CO2 dissolved in blood will mean that that amount of carbonic acid produced is too low. This will cause blood pH to rise – a condition known as alkalosis.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    The definition of mean arterial pressure (MAP) may be written as:
    Mean arterial pressure, MAP = CO × TPR. MAP also is diastolic pressure + 1/3 × pulse pressure.
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    Nervous System
    Which structure(s) contain axons that connect the two hemispheres of the brain?
    The corpus callosum is one of the commissural tracts that connect the left and right hemispheres. Projection fibres enter the hemispheres from lower brain areas or the spinal cord, while association fibres connect different parts of same hemisphere.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    What are red blood cells primarily composed of?
    About one third of the mass of a RBC is haemoglobin. Choices A and B are plasma proteins and are not in RBC.
    Author: rikazzz Comment