Anatomy and Physiology

    Reproductive System
    The menstrual cycle can be divided into three phases. Starting from day 1 of menstruation, which of the following orders are the phases in?
    Starts with menstruation and ends with secretory when the endometrium is mature.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which of the following is NOT indicative of the stimulation of the parasympathetic system?
    The parasympathetic division is not involved in vasoconstriction or dilation of skeletal muscle blood vessels.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Respiratory System
    What function is served by the goblet/mucus cells of the bronchial “tree”?
    Goblet cells produce mucus to trap any inhaled particles before they reach the alveoli.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Integument
    One of the following is NOT part of the integumentary system. Which one?
    The hypodermis is the superficial fascia, also known as the subcutaneous fat layer.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Endocrine System
    What is the function of erythropoietin (EPO)?
    EPO is produced in the kidneys and stimulates active (red) marrow to produce blood cells.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cells and Tissues
    What do fibroblasts, chondroblasts, osteoblasts and haemocytoblasts have in common?
    The suffix “-blast” implies that these cells have not yet finished their differentiation. That is they are immature.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Gastrointestinal System
    What are the end products resulting from the digestion of carbohydrates?
    Digestion results in carbohydrates (which are polysaccharides) being converted to monosaccharides (which are small molecules).
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    Muscles
    A feature of skeletal muscle that is NOT shared with cardiac or smooth muscle is:
    A skeletal muscle cell is a “syncytium” being derived from many cells and so retains their many nuclei.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Body Temperature, Energy and Heat Loss
    Human body core temperature is usually maintained within which of the following ranges?
    This is considered the usual healthy range. Above 38 is a fever (except if as a result of vigorous exercise), while below 35 is hypothermia.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    One of the statements below about the autonomic nervous system is correct. Which one?
    The sympathetic division “stirs you up”. The ANS and somatic NS are distinct parts of the efferent section of the peripheral nervous system. The parasympathetic division is “craniosacral” not “thoracolumbar”.
    Author: rikazzz Comment