Anatomy and Physiology

    Chemistry for Physiology
    Fructose is a sugar with a molecular formula C6H12O6. Given that the atomic weights are C = 12, H = 1 and O = 16, how many moles of fructose are there in 36 g?
    Mass of 1 mol of fructose = (6 × 12) + (12 × 1) + (6 × 16) = 72+12+96 = 180 g. 36 g is less than 1 mol. Number of moles = 36 g/180 g per mol = 0.2 mol.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Renal System
    The concentration of blood is 280–300 mosmol/L but may rise to 1200 mosmol/L in which situation?
    Juxtamedullary nephrons have a capillary bed known as the vasa recta which descends into the kidney medulla. As it does so, the concentration of the contained blood increases to 1200 mosmol/L.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which statement about the sympathetic and/or parasympathetic divisions is correct?
    Indeed, some organs (e.g. heart) are innervated by both divisions. In choices A and B, replace “sympathetic” with parasympathetic, and in choice C replace “parasympathetic” with sympathetic, to get a true statement.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    What formula, law or principle refers to the partial pressure of a gas?
    Only Henry’s law, the amount of dissolved gas is proportional to its partial pressure; it refers to gas partial pressure.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Endocrine System
    What is the effect of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?
    ADH causes more aquaporins to be inserted into the collecting duct walls which allow water molecules to pass through along the osmotic gradient.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Skeleton and Joints
    To which bones does the word phalanges apply? Those in the
    Choice B refers to carpals and tarsals. Choices C and D include metacarpals and metatarsals.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    One of the following is NOT a function of lipids in the body. Which one?
    Coenzymes are proteins (not lipids).
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Skeleton and Joints
    What term is applied to moving the thigh laterally away from the midline of the body?
    “Abduct” is to take away (from the midline).
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which one of the following parts of the nervous system carries impulses towards the brain?
    The peripheral NS delivers sensory information to CNS as well as carrying motor commands from CNS to peripheral tissues. The somatic NS is part of the efferent division (carrying impulses away from the brain) of the peripheral NS. The autonomic (and parasympathetic division) carry efferent impulses.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Organisation of the Body
    If a medical image displays internal anatomy in the midsagittal section, which of the following describes the section?
    A sagittal section divides the body into left and right portions. A midsagittal section means that the dividing line is in the vertical midline of the body so that the halves are equal.
    Author: rikazzz Comment