Anatomy and Physiology

    Nervous System
    What is the function of an efferent neuron?
    Efferent means “outgoing”. Outgoing information travels from the brain to the body carrying motor information to an effector – a muscle or gland.
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    Cardiovascular System
    Which of the following statements concerning intracellular and extracellular fluids is FALSE?
    Blood plasma is external to cells and hence is an extracellular fluid.
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    Cardiovascular System
    The heart receives its own oxygenated blood supply via:
    The coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the myocardium.
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    Skeleton and Joints
    Compact bone differs from spongy (cancellous) bone because compact bone
    Osteons are the structural units of compact bone, and each one surrounds a channel, called a Haversion canal, which contains blood vessels.
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    Organisation of the Body
    The “anatomical position” could be described as which of the following?
    This is the best answer. Standing is required, as is having the arms hanging parallel to the sides, with palms facing forward.
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    Endocrine System
    Which statement applies to steroid hormones?
    As steroid hormones are lipid soluble, their receptors are inside the cell as they can cross the plasma membrane.
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    Skeleton and Joints
    Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?
    New red and white blood cells are made in the bone marrow (haemopoiesis). Haemostasis refers to stopping bleeding.
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    Muscles
    By what name is the plasma membrane of a muscle cell known?
    “Sarco-” refers to flesh (muscle); “lemma-” refers to sheath (membrane) around the cell.
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    Reproductive System
    From the list below, what do MEN have as part of their reproductive system that women do not?
    The remarkably named tunica vaginalis is the membrane that lines the scrotal cavity in men. Both women and men produce gametes, androgens and FSH.
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    Chemistry for Physiology
    What can be correctly said of an isotonic intravenous solution? An isotonic solution:
    Isotonic means that the IV solution has the same concentration of particles (albeit the particles themselves may be different) as in RBC; hence there is no net osmotic flow.
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