Anatomy and Physiology

    Muscles
    One muscle below is NOT named after its shape. Which one?
    The masseter is named after its action which allows mastication (chewing) of food.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    What term may be applied to the shape of the lens of the eye?
    The surface of the eye’s lens bulges outwards anteriorly and posteriorly at its centre and is narrower at its edges where it joins to the ciliary fibres. This shape is convex “front and back” so is biconvex. If it bulged inwards, it would be biconcave.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Which of the following statements about stationary liquids is FALSE?
    Liquids are incompressible.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    The movement of water molecules through a plasma membrane from the side where there is a higher concentration of water molecules to the side where there are fewer is best known as:
    Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a membrane, down to their concentration gradient.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    The Physics of Waves: Light Waves, Sound Waves and Ultrasound
    What is the amplitude of a wave?
    As a wave passes through a medium, the particles of the medium are shifted (displaced) from the position occupied before they were disturbed by the wave. The amplitude of the wave is the maximum displacement.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which lobes make up each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex?
    The five lobes of each hemisphere are the frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal and insula. The insula is not visible on the surface of the brain.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Gastrointestinal System
    To what does the term “gluconeogenesis” refer?
    “-Neogenesis” refers to making glucose from something new (that is not a carbohydrate).
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Integument
    What purpose is vitamin D (calcitriol) used for?
    Dietary calcium requires vitamin D for absorption.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Organisation of the Body
    Which organ would be found in the left hypochondriac region?
    Left hypochondriac region is deep to the cartilages of the lower ribs on our left-hand side. The stomach is closest to this region.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Gastrointestinal System
    Forward movement of food material through the gastrointestinal tract is achieved by which process?
    Peristalsis is the name given to the smooth muscle movements that propel the gut contents.
    Author: rikazzz Comment