Anatomy and Physiology

    Cardiovascular System
    120/80 is recorded as a blood pressure measurement. What does this mean?
    Although not always specifically stated, a blood pressure of 120/80 refers to the BP in the aorta, that is, caused by the left ventricle. Hence choice A is not as good an answer as choice B.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    Given that a mole is 6 × 1023 particles, what is a millimole?
    A millimole is one thousandth (or 0.001) of a mole.1 mmol = 10−3 × (6 × 1023) = 6 × 1020 particles
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    What is the pulse pressure determined from a resting blood pressure reading of 124/92 mmHg?
    Pulse pressure = systolic pressure – diastolic pressure = 124–92 = 32 mmHg
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Endocrine System
    Which one of the following is NOT part of the endocrine system?
    The acini cells produce digestive enzymes.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Blood plasma contains “plasma proteins”. Which of the following lists the plasma proteins?
    None of the other choices list any plasma proteins.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    What are the cells found in the maculae of the utricle and saccule that are responsible for our sense of equilibrium?
    The hairs (stereocilia) of the hair cells are stimulated when our head tilts. Hair cells are embedded within the supporting cells. Otoliths are not cells.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Given that a heart pumps out 70 ml of blood with each stroke and beats 70 times per minute, what is the cardiac output?
    Cardiac output, CO = SV × HR = 70 ml/beat × 70 beat/min = 4900 ml/ min
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Integument
    Which one of the following cell types is responsible for forming the skin’s ability to tan on exposure to sunlight?
    Melanocytes produce melanin, the pigment responsible for tanning and for protecting the cell nucleus from UV radiation.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Which of the following statements correctly states the relationship between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the other variables?
    Cardiac output is stroke volume × heart rate. MAP is the product of how much blood is pumped into the arteries (CO) and how easy it is for the blood to flow through the arteries (TPR).
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    What happens when an acid is added to a buffered solution?
    A buffer will resist change to its pH. But pH does alter very slightly as the basic component destroys the added acid and in the process becomes its cognate partner. This changes the ratio of the two components of the buffer slightly and hence the pH.
    Author: rikazzz Comment