Anatomy and Physiology

    Renal System
    The density of water is 1.00 g/ml, and it has a specific gravity of 1.000. Which of the following is most likely to be the specific gravity of a urine sample?
    SG has no unit, so choice D is wrong. Choice C cannot be correct as the density is less than that of water.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Reproductive System
    Where are the ejaculatory ducts?
    Each ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle. They pass through the prostate and open into the urethra.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    The Physics of Waves: Light Waves, Sound Waves and Ultrasound
    When ultrasound strikes the boundary between two different body tissues, the amount of reflection that will occur is proportional to the difference in what?
    The impedance depends on the speed and density. Speed depends on the elasticity of the medium. So impedance is the more complete answer.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Endocrine System
    Where in the body is the hypothalamus located?
    The hypothalamus is below the thalamus, more or less on the “floor” of the brain, but above the pituitary gland.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Biomechanics
    Third-class lever systems are always inefficient for which one of the following reasons?
    By definition of third-class levers, the load arm is always longer than the effort arm. A spanner tightening a nut has a long effort arm and is a mixture of first- and second-class lever.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cells and Tissues
    Which of the following is ONE major function of epithelial cells?
    Glandular tissues are one type of epithelial tissue, and their function is to produce material to secrete.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Reproductive System
    Which of the following is a female primary sex characteristic?
    Female babies are born with a uterus, so this is the primary sex characteristic
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Chemistry for Physiology
    The healthy range for blood pH is from 7.35 to 7.45. To what blood pH does the term “acidosis” refer?
    Acidosis refers to any blood pH below the lower limit of normal which is 7.35.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Respiratory System
    Boyle’s law states that the pressure in an enclosed gas is inversely related to its volume. Which of the following descriptions is compatible with Boyle’s law and with respiratory physiology?
    As the chest volume expands, we inhale. The downward movement of the diaphragm expands the lung volume, and by Boyle’s law the air pressure within decreases. This creates a pressure gradient between the alveoli and the outside air, so air will move into the lungs.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Body Temperature, Energy and Heat Loss
    In which situation will the evaporation of sweat from the skin be ineffective as a heat loss method?
    Sweat will evaporate only if the surrounding air is not already saturated with water vapour. High humidity decreases the effectiveness of sweating as a heat loss mechanism.
    Author: rikazzz Comment