Anatomy and Physiology

    Reproductive System
    In the sequence of events known as the ovarian cycle, which of the following does NOT occur?
    The corpus luteum (not the follicle) produces progesterone.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which of the following is a true statement about an “action potential”?
    An action potential is an efferent impulse that travels along the axon away from the cell body.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Renal System
    The gradient in osmotic concentration of the interstitial fluid in the medulla of the kidney is caused by:
    Sodium and chloride leave from the ascending limb not the descending limb.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Suppose that a person, who is standing still, has a mean arterial pressure in the aorta of 13 kPa (98 mmHg). The blood pressure at the start of the arterioles of the feet will be:
    When standing, the vertical column of blood in the arteries exerts pressure on the blood in the arterioles in the feet due to the head of liquid. Hence mean arterial BP in the feet will be considerably greater than 13 kPa.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    What does administering beta-blocking medication do?
    “Beta blockers” block beta-1 receptors. These receptors are “adrenergic” as they bind adrenaline (and noradrenaline). Blocking them diminishes neurotransmission.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Skeleton and Joints
    Which of the following is a NOT a projection from a bone surface?
    A trabeculum (plural trabeculae) is the internal bony structure of spongy (cancellous) bone.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Gastrointestinal System
    Which layer of the gastrointestinal tract is in contact with the contents of the gut?
    It secretes mucus and absorbs the products of digestion.
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    Respiratory System
    One statement below about the larynx is correct. Which one?
    The larynx is a cartilaginous tube that surrounds the glottis and consists of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Muscles
    By which term is a muscle that opposes or reverses a particular movement called?
    An agonist muscle performs the action, while the antagonist must relax (be stretched) while the action is being performed (and can reverse the action of the agonist).
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cells and Tissues
    In the ribosome of a cell, the mRNA is read to produce the particular amino acid sequence for the formation of a protein. What is this process called?
    Translation occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell with a ribosome. It is when the information in mRNA is read to produce the sequence of amino acids needed to form a protein.
    Author: rikazzz Comment