Anatomy and Physiology

    Nervous System
    Which one of the following is NOT a function of the cerebral spinal fluid?
    The CSF does not produce hormones.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Which of the following parts of the cardiovascular system contain the greatest volume of blood?
    Systemic veins contain about 64% of the blood volume, while systemic arteries contain about 13%.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    What is the function of the tensor tympani and stapedius muscles in the middle ear?
    The tensor tympani limits the amount of movement in the tympanic membrane. The stapedius reduces the movement of the stapes against the oval window.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    Which heart valve does blood pass through as it leaves the right ventricle?
    Blood passes through the pulmonary valve as it leaves the right ventricle. Choices A and D are the same valve.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which one of the following lists of anatomical features is in the correct order of the path taken by sound energy as it is transmitted through the ear?
    Tympanic membrane comes first, then any of the ossicles and then the oval window and cochlear fluid.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Why does the eye have a blind spot?
    There is no retina at the blind spot (or optic disc) as it is the exit point for the axons of the ganglion cells. These axons form the optic nerve and the optic disc is also the entry point for the retinal artery and vein. Choice A is incorrectly describing the fovea centralis.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Cardiovascular System
    The antihypertensive drugs known as “ACE inhibitors” function by doing which of the following?
    Angiotensin-converting enzyme is known as “ACE”. An ACE inhibitor will prevent this enzyme from converting angiotensin I into angiotensin II. Hence the blood pressure raising effects of angiotensin II will be prevented.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Ionising Radiation
    How has remote-controlled afterloading reduced the dose to staff involved in brachytherapy?
    The radioactive sources are loaded into their applicators automatically and remotely when staff have left the room. They are automatically retrieved and returned to a shielded safe when staff enter the room.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Body Temperature, Energy and Heat Loss
    What does “hypothermia” refer to?
    Hypothermia is a body temperature that is below the healthy range, that is, below 35 °C.
    Author: rikazzz Comment
    Nervous System
    Which is an example of a cholinergic receptor?
    A nicotinic receptor binds acetylcholine so is called a “cholinergic” receptor.
    Author: rikazzz Comment